Appearance
Unit 46 — have something done
A. have something done
1. Example situation
Lisa 家的屋顶坏了。
The roof of Lisa’s house was damaged.
所以她叫来了一位建筑工人，昨天建筑工人来把屋顶修好了。
So she called a builder, and yesterday he came and repaired it.
我们可以说：
Lisa had the roof repaired yesterday.
Lisa 昨天让人把屋顶修好了。
这里：
had the roof repaired
不是说：
Lisa 自己修了屋顶。
而是说：
Lisa arranged for somebody else to repair the roof.
也就是：
Lisa 安排别人帮她修屋顶。
2. have something done 的核心含义
have something done
表示：
安排别人替自己做某事
也就是：
自己不是动作执行者。
结构：
have + object + past participle
例如：
have the roof repaired
have your hair cut
have the house painted
have your car serviced
3. Lisa repaired the roof vs Lisa had the roof repaired
Lisa repaired the roof
Lisa repaired the roof.
Lisa 修了屋顶。
意思：
Lisa 自己修的。
Lisa had the roof repaired
Lisa had the roof repaired.
Lisa 找人把屋顶修好了。
意思：
Lisa 安排别人修的。
4. 核心对比
| 普通主动句 | have something done |
|---|---|
| Lisa repaired the roof. | Lisa had the roof repaired. |
| Lisa 自己修 | Lisa 找别人修 |
| 主语执行动作 | 别人执行动作 |
5. make the curtains vs have the curtains made
看下面的对话：
A: Did you make those curtains yourself? B: Yes, I like making things.
A：那些窗帘是你自己做的吗？
B：是的，我喜欢做东西。
这里：
make the curtains
表示：
自己做窗帘。
而：
A: Did you have those curtains made? B: No, I made them myself.
A：那些窗帘是你找人做的吗？
B：不是，我自己做的。
这里：
have those curtains made
表示：
找别人帮忙做。
B. Word order
have + object + past participle
6. 基本语序
结构：
have + object + past participle
例如：
| have | object | past participle |
|---|---|---|
| Lisa had | the roof | repaired |
| Where did you have | your hair | cut? |
| We are having | the house | painted |
| You should have | that coat | cleaned |
| I don’t like having | my picture | taken |
7. Lisa had the roof repaired
Lisa had the roof repaired.
结构：
- had
- the roof
- repaired
意思：
Lisa 让人把屋顶修好了。
8. Where did you have your hair cut?
Where did you have your hair cut?
你在哪里剪的头发？
这里并不是问：
你自己在哪里剪头发？
而是：
你在哪里让别人给你剪的头发？
9. We are having the house painted
We are having the house painted.
我们正在找人粉刷房子。
这里：
are having
说明：
这件事情正在安排 / 进行。
真正执行：
paint
这个动作的人通常是别人。
10. You should have that coat cleaned
I think you should have that coat cleaned.
我觉得你应该把那件外套送去清洗。
意思：
找别人清洗。
11. I don’t like having my picture taken
I don’t like having my picture taken.
我不喜欢别人给我拍照。
这里：
having my picture taken
表示：
自己是被拍的人。
12. have 的时态可以变化
have something done 中：
have
可以根据时态变化。
例如：
| 时态 | Example |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | I have my hair cut every month. |
| Past Simple | I had my hair cut yesterday. |
| Present Continuous | I’m having my hair cut now. |
| Present Perfect | I’ve had my hair cut. |
| Future | I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. |
| Modal | You should have your hair cut. |
核心结构始终是：
have + object + V3
13. How often do you have your car serviced?
How often do you have your car serviced?
你的车多久保养一次？
不是：
❌ How often do you have serviced your car?
正确语序必须是：
have + object + past participle
所以：
have your car serviced
14. having a garage built
Our neighbour is having a garage built.
我们的邻居正在找人建一个车库。
不是：
❌ having built a garage
因为：
having built a garage
会是另一种结构和意思。
这里需要：
having + a garage + built
15. Did you have it cut?
Your hair looks nice. Did you have it cut?
你的头发看起来很好看。
你去剪头发了吗？
这里：
it = your hair
完整结构：
have + it + cut
16. 常见表达
| Expression | 中文 |
|---|---|
| have your hair cut | 找人剪头发 |
| have your car serviced | 找人保养汽车 |
| have your house painted | 找人粉刷房子 |
| have your teeth checked | 找人检查牙齿 |
| have your eyes tested | 找人检查视力 |
| have your photo taken | 找人拍照 |
| have your clothes cleaned | 送衣服清洗 |
| have something repaired | 找人修东西 |
C. get something done
17. get something done
除了：
have something done
也可以说：
get something done
意思基本相同：
安排别人替自己做某事
结构：
get + object + past participle
18. get the roof repaired
When are you going to get the roof repaired?
你什么时候准备找人修屋顶？
等于：
When are you going to have the roof repaired?
19. get your hair cut
I think you should get your hair cut really short.
我觉得你应该把头发剪得很短。
等于：
I think you should have your hair cut really short.
20. have vs get
| have something done | get something done |
|---|---|
| 中性 | 更口语化 |
| 很常见 | 日常口语也很常见 |
| have my car repaired | get my car repaired |
| have my hair cut | get my hair cut |
意思通常没有明显区别。
D. have something done 的另一种意思
21. 不一定表示“主动安排别人做”
have something done 还有另外一种重要用法。
例如：
Paul and Karen had their bags stolen while they were travelling.
Paul 和 Karen 旅行时包被偷了。
这里绝对不是：
他们安排别人把自己的包偷走。
而是：
某件不好的事情发生在他们或他们的东西身上。
22. had their bags stolen
They had their bags stolen.
意思：
Their bags were stolen.
他们的包被偷了。
这里：
have something done
表示：
经历某件事 / 某物遭遇某事。
23. 两种含义一定要区分
用法 1：安排别人做
I had my car repaired.
我找人把车修了。
这是：
我主动安排。
用法 2：遭遇某件事
I had my car stolen.
我的车被偷了。
这里：
我当然没有安排别人偷车。
而是：
这件事情发生在我身上。
24. repair vs steal
| Sentence | 意思 |
|---|---|
| I had my car repaired. | 我找人修了车。 |
| I had my car stolen. | 我的车被偷了。 |
结构一样：
have + object + V3
但实际意思要：
根据上下文判断。
25. Gary had his nose broken
Gary had his nose broken in a fight.
Gary 在打架时鼻子被打断了。
等于：
His nose was broken.
这里：
Gary 没有安排别人打断自己的鼻子。
表示：
他遭遇了这件事情。
26. Have you ever had your bike stolen?
Have you ever had your bike stolen?
你的自行车曾经被偷过吗？
等于：
Has your bike ever been stolen?
27. 遭遇型 have something done
经常用于：
不好的、意外的事情。
例如：
- have your bag stolen
- have your car damaged
- have your window broken
- have your nose broken
- have your wallet stolen
28. 两种 have something done 对比
| 类型 | Example | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| 安排型 | I had my hair cut. | 我找人剪头发 |
| 安排型 | I had the roof repaired. | 我找人修屋顶 |
| 遭遇型 | I had my bag stolen. | 我的包被偷 |
| 遭遇型 | He had his nose broken. | 他的鼻子被打断 |
29. 如何判断是哪一种意思？
问自己：
这个结果是不是主语主动想要的？
如果是：
通常是“安排别人做”。
例如：
have your hair cut have your car repaired
如果不是，尤其是不好的事情：
通常表示“遭遇”。
例如：
have your wallet stolen have your nose broken
30. 图片中的全部重点例句
A — arrange for somebody to do something
Lisa had the roof repaired yesterday.
Lisa repaired the roof.
Lisa had the roof repaired.
Did you make those curtains yourself?
Did you have those curtains made?
B — word order
Lisa had the roof repaired.
Where did you have your hair cut?
We are having the house painted.
I think you should have that coat cleaned.
I don’t like having my picture taken.
How often do you have your car serviced?
Our neighbour is having a garage built.
Did you have it cut?
C — get something done
When are you going to get the roof repaired?
I think you should get your hair cut really short.
D — something happens to somebody
Paul and Karen had their bags stolen while they were travelling.
Gary had his nose broken in a fight.
Have you ever had your bike stolen?
31. have something done vs do something yourself
这个区别是本单元最重要的内容之一。
自己做
I repaired my car.
我自己修了车。
找别人做
I had my car repaired.
我找人修了车。
再比如：
自己剪头发
I cut my hair.
我自己剪了头发。
别人帮我剪
I had my hair cut.
我去剪了头发 / 找人给我剪了头发。
32. 中文最容易产生误解的地方
中文说：
“我昨天剪头发了。”
通常真正意思是：
理发师给我剪了。
英语更自然：
I had my hair cut yesterday.
而：
I cut my hair yesterday.
通常容易理解为：
我自己拿剪刀剪了头发。
33. 同样的区别
我修车了
如果自己修：
I repaired my car.
如果送去修：
I had my car repaired.
我拍照了
如果自己拍别人 / 拍景物：
I took a picture.
如果别人给我拍照：
I had my picture taken.
我装修房子了
如果自己做：
I painted the house.
如果请工人做：
I had the house painted.
34. 语序千万不要错
正确：
have + object + V3
例如：
have your hair cut
不是：
❌ have cut your hair
因为：
have cut your hair
可能会变成：
have + 过去分词
也就是现在完成时的一部分。
例如：
I have cut my hair.
意思是：
我已经自己剪了头发。
35. 两个结构差别很大
I have cut my hair.
结构：
have + cut
这是：
Present Perfect
意思：
我已经自己剪了头发。
I have my hair cut.
结构：
have + my hair + cut
这是：
have something done
意思：
我找别人剪头发。
36. 对比表
| Sentence | 结构 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| I have cut my hair. | Present Perfect | 我已经自己剪了头发 |
| I have my hair cut. | have something done | 我找别人剪头发 |
| I had my hair cut. | Past | 我之前找人剪了头发 |
37. 时态由 have 决定
和普通被动类似：
something + V3的部分基本保持不变，
真正变化的是：
have
例如：
Present Simple
I have my car serviced every year.
Past Simple
I had my car serviced last week.
Present Continuous
I’m having my car serviced now.
Present Perfect
I’ve had my car serviced.
Future
I’ll have my car serviced next week.
38. 一个统一模型
结构：
Subject + HAVE + OBJECT + V3
例如：
Lisa + had + the roof + repaired
其中：
- Lisa = 安排者 / 经历者
- the roof = 动作承受者
- repaired = 别人执行的动作
39. get something done 的模型
结构：
Subject + GET + OBJECT + V3
例如：
I + got + my phone + repaired
意思：
我找人把手机修好了。
40. have something done 与 Passive 的关系
例如：
I had my car repaired.
真正修车的人没有出现。
可以理解成：
My car was repaired.
但：
have something done
还额外告诉我们：
是“我”安排的这件事。
所以：
Passive
My car was repaired.
只告诉：
车被修了。
have something done
I had my car repaired.
还告诉：
我安排别人修了车。
41. 核心区别
| Passive | have something done |
|---|---|
| My car was repaired. | I had my car repaired. |
| 车被修了 | 我找人把车修了 |
| 不强调谁安排 | 强调我安排了这件事 |
42. 常见生活场景
理发
I need to have my hair cut.
我需要去剪头发。
修车
I’m going to have my car repaired.
我要找人修车。
洗衣服
I need to have this coat cleaned.
我需要把这件外套送洗。
看牙
I’m going to have my teeth checked.
我要去检查牙齿。
拍证件照
I need to have my photo taken.
我需要去拍照片。
修手机
I need to get my phone repaired.
我需要找人修手机。
43. 最容易犯的错误
错误 1
❌ I had repaired my car.
如果你想说：
我找人修了车
应该是：
I had my car repaired.
而：
I had repaired my car.
是：
Past Perfect
意思变成：
我之前已经自己修好了车。
错误 2
❌ I have cut my hair yesterday.
如果想说：
昨天我去剪头发了
应该：
I had my hair cut yesterday.
错误 3
❌ I’m having painted my house.
应该：
I’m having my house painted.
一定保持：
have + object + V3
44. 最终结构总结
| 结构 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| do something | 自己做某事 |
| have something done | 找别人做某事 |
| get something done | 找别人做某事，更口语 |
| have something stolen | 某物遭遇被偷 |
| have something broken | 某物遭遇损坏 |
45. 最终思维模型
自己做
I repaired my car.
text
I
↓
repair
↓
my car