英语梳理（母语者角度）

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Unit 135 — Verb + preposition 4: of , for , from , on ​

A. verb + of ​

accuse / suspect somebody OF ... ​

accuse somebody of something / doing something 指责 / 控告某人做某事

Example:

  • Tina accused me of being selfish.

蒂娜指责我自私。

结构：

accuse + somebody + of + noun / -ing

例如：

They accused him of stealing the money.

他们指控他偷了钱。

suspect somebody OF ... ​

suspect somebody of something / doing something 怀疑某人做了某事

Example:

  • Some students were suspected of cheating in the exam.

一些学生被怀疑考试作弊。

结构：

suspect + somebody + of + noun / -ing

approve / disapprove OF ... ​

approve of ​

approve of something 赞成 / 认可某事

disapprove of ​

disapprove of something 不赞成 / 不认可某事

Example:

  • His parents don’t approve of what he does, but they can’t stop him.

他的父母不赞成他的所作所为，但是他们无法阻止他。

例如：

I don’t approve of smoking.

我不赞成吸烟。

die OF / die FROM an illness etc. ​

表示：

die of/from something 死于……

Example:

  • ‘What did he die of?’
  • ‘A heart attack.’

他死于什么？

心脏病发作。

常见：

die of cancer

die of/from a heart attack

die from an illness

consist OF ... ​

consist of ... 由……组成

Example:

  • We had an enormous meal. It consisted of seven courses.

我们吃了一顿非常丰盛的大餐，一共有七道菜。

结构：

A consists of B

例如：

The team consists of ten people.

这个团队由十个人组成。

1. B. verb + for ​

pay (somebody) FOR ... ​

pay for something 为某物付款

Example:

  • We didn’t have enough money to pay for the meal. (not pay the meal)

结构：

pay + for + something

例如：

I paid for the tickets.

我付了票钱。

pay + bill / fine / fee / tax / rent / sum of money ​

但是以下表达通常不使用 for：

pay a bill

pay a fine

pay a fee

pay tax

pay rent

pay a sum of money

Example:

  • We didn’t have enough money to pay the rent.

我们没有足够的钱付房租。

所以：

pay for the meal

但：

pay the bill

pay the rent

thank / forgive somebody FOR ... ​

thank somebody for ... ​

thank somebody for something / doing something

因为某件事情感谢某人。

例如：

Thank you for helping me.

谢谢你帮助我。

forgive somebody for ... ​

forgive somebody for something / doing something

因为某件事情原谅某人。

Example:

  • I’ll never forgive them for what they did.

我永远不会原谅他们所做的事情。

结构：

thank / forgive + somebody + for + noun / -ing

apologise (TO somebody) FOR ... ​

apologise to somebody for something

表示：

因为某事向某人道歉

Example:

  • When I realised I was wrong, I apologised (to them) for my mistake.

当我意识到自己错了时，我为自己的错误向他们道歉。

结构：

apologise TO somebody FOR something

可以记成：

TO = 向谁

FOR = 为什么事情

例如：

I apologised to her for being late.

我因为迟到向她道歉。

2. blame ​

blame somebody/something FOR ... ​

blame somebody for something

表示：

因为某件事责怪某人

Example:

  • Everybody blamed me for the accident.

每个人都因为这场事故责怪我。

结构：

blame + somebody + for + something

somebody is to blame FOR ... ​

be to blame for something

表示：

对某事负有责任 是造成某事的责任方

Example:

  • Everybody said that I was to blame for the accident.

每个人都说这场事故是我的责任。

blame something ON somebody ​

还有另外一个结构：

blame something on somebody

表示：

把某事归咎于某人

Example:

  • It wasn’t my fault. Don’t blame it on me.

这不是我的错。不要怪到我头上。

blame 的两个重要结构 ​

blame somebody FOR something

某事 → 怪某人

例如：

They blamed me for the mistake.

他们因为这个错误责怪我。

blame something ON somebody

把某事 → 怪到某人身上

例如：

They blamed the mistake on me.

他们把这个错误怪到我头上。

所以可以对比：

blame ME for THE PROBLEM

blame THE PROBLEM on ME

3. C. verb + from ​

suffer FROM an illness etc. ​

suffer from something

表示：

患有…… 遭受……的折磨

Example:

  • There’s been an increase in the number of people suffering from heart disease.

患心脏病的人数有所增加。

常见：

suffer from headaches

患头痛。

suffer from heart disease

患心脏病。

suffer from stress

承受压力。

protect somebody/something FROM ... ​

protect somebody/something from something

表示：

保护某人 / 某物免受……伤害

Example:

  • Sun cream protects the skin from the sun.

防晒霜可以保护皮肤免受阳光伤害。

结构：

protect + somebody/something + from + something

例如：

This jacket protects me from the cold.

这件夹克可以保护我免受寒冷。

4. D. verb + on ​

depend ON ... ​

depend on something

表示：

取决于……

Example:

  • I don’t know what time we’ll arrive. It depends on the traffic.

我不知道我们什么时候到，这取决于交通情况。

例如：

It depends on the weather.

这取决于天气。

rely ON ... ​

rely on somebody/something

表示：

依赖 / 信赖某人或某物

Example:

  • You can rely on Anna. She always keeps her promises.

你可以信赖 Anna，她总是信守承诺。

结构：

rely on + somebody/something

例如：

You can rely on me.

你可以依靠我。

depend + when / where / how etc. ​

depend 后面接：

  • when
  • where
  • how
  • what
  • who

等疑问词时，on 可以使用，也可以省略。

Example:

  • ‘Are you going to buy it?’
  • ‘It depends how much it is.’

or:

  • ‘It depends on how much it is.’

两种都可以。

例如：

It depends where we go.

或者：

It depends on where we go.

这取决于我们去哪里。

live ON money/food ​

live on something

表示：

靠……生活 / 以……为食

Example:

  • Michael’s salary is very low. It isn’t enough to live on.

Michael 的工资很低，根本不够生活。

例如：

He lives on a very small salary.

他靠很少的工资生活。

还可以表示以某种食物为生：

Pandas live on bamboo.

熊猫以竹子为食。

congratulate / compliment somebody ON ... ​

congratulate somebody on ... ​

congratulate somebody on something / doing something

表示：

因某事祝贺某人

Example:

  • I congratulated her on doing so well in her exams.

我祝贺她考试取得了这么好的成绩。

结构：

congratulate + somebody + on + noun / -ing

例如：

I congratulated him on his new job.

我祝贺他找到了新工作。

compliment somebody ON ... ​

compliment somebody on something

表示：

因某事称赞 / 赞美某人

Example:

  • The meal was really good. I complimented Mark on his cooking skills.

这顿饭非常好吃，我称赞了 Mark 的厨艺。

例如：

She complimented me on my English.

她称赞了我的英语。

5. Unit 135 核心搭配总结 ​

verb + OF ​

accuse somebody of something / doing something → 指责 / 控告某人做某事

suspect somebody of something / doing something → 怀疑某人做某事

approve of something → 赞成某事

disapprove of something → 不赞成某事

die of/from something → 死于……

consist of something → 由……组成

verb + FOR ​

pay for something → 为某物付款

thank somebody for something → 因某事感谢某人

forgive somebody for something → 因某事原谅某人

apologise to somebody for something → 因某事向某人道歉

blame somebody for something → 因某事责怪某人

be to blame for something → 对某事负有责任

verb + FROM ​

suffer from something → 患有 / 遭受……

protect somebody from something → 保护某人免受……

verb + ON ​

depend on something → 取决于……

rely on somebody → 依靠 / 信赖某人

live on something → 靠……生活 / 以……为食

congratulate somebody on something → 因某事祝贺某人

compliment somebody on something → 因某事称赞某人

6. 高频结构对照表 ​

VerbPrepositionStructure含义
accuseofaccuse sb of doing sth指控某人做某事
suspectofsuspect sb of doing sth怀疑某人做某事
approveofapprove of sth赞成
consistofconsist of sth由……组成
payforpay for sth为……付款
thankforthank sb for sth因……感谢某人
forgiveforforgive sb for sth因……原谅某人
apologiseforapologise to sb for sth因……道歉
blameforblame sb for sth因……责怪某人
sufferfromsuffer from sth遭受 / 患有
protectfromprotect sb from sth保护……免受
dependondepend on sth取决于
relyonrely on sb依赖 / 信赖
liveonlive on sth靠……生活
congratulateoncongratulate sb on sth因……祝贺
complimentoncompliment sb on sth因……称赞

7. Unit 135 最终思维模型 ​

这一单元不要单独去背：

of = …… for = …… from = …… on = ……

更有效的方法是把它们作为动词固定搭配整体记忆。

例如不要只记：

accuse = 指责

而是直接记：

accuse somebody of doing something

不要只记：

apologise = 道歉

而是直接记：

apologise to somebody for something

不要只记：

protect = 保护

而是：

protect somebody from something

不要只记：

depend = 取决于

而是：

depend on something

8. 特别需要掌握的 4 组结构 ​

1. accuse somebody OF doing something ​

Tina accused me of being selfish.

核心：

sb + OF + 行为

2. apologise TO somebody FOR something ​

I apologised to her for being late.

核心：

TO = 对谁

FOR = 因为什么

3. blame somebody FOR something ​

They blamed me for the accident.

也可以转换为：

They blamed the accident on me.

所以：

blame SB for STH

↕

blame STH on SB

4. protect somebody FROM something ​

This coat protects me from the cold.

核心：

保护对象 + FROM + 危险 / 伤害来源

9. 一句话记忆 ​

accuse me OF cheating → 指控我作弊

thank me FOR helping → 因我的帮助感谢我

protect me FROM danger → 保护我免受危险

rely ON me → 依靠我

这四个结构可以作为本单元 of / for / from / on 的核心记忆锚点。