Appearance
Unit 122 — on time and in time , at the end and in the end
A. on time and in time
1. on time
on time = punctual, not late
on time = 准时,按时,不迟到
If something happens on time, it happens at the time that was planned.
如果某件事情 on time 发生,表示它在原定、计划好的时间发生。
例句
The 11.45 train left on time. (= it left at 11.45)
11:45 的火车准时出发了。 (= 火车在 11:45 出发)
Please be on time. Don’t be late.
请准时到。不要迟到。
The conference was well-organised. Everything began and finished on time.
会议组织得很好。所有事情都按时开始并按时结束。
2. in time
in time (for something / to do something) = soon enough
in time = 及时,来得及
强调:
在还来得及做某件事情之前到达或完成
不一定是“准时”,只要没有太晚就可以。
in time for something
结构:
in time for + 名词
例如:
Will you be home in time for dinner? (= soon enough for dinner)
你能及时赶回家吃晚饭吗?
in time to do something
结构:
in time to + 动词原形
例如:
I sent Amy a birthday present. I hope it arrives in time. (= on or before her birthday)
我给 Amy 寄了一份生日礼物。我希望它能及时到达。 (= 在她生日当天或之前到达)
I’m in a hurry. I want to get home in time to watch the game on TV. (= soon enough to see the game)
我很赶时间。我想及时赶回家看电视上的比赛。
3. on time 和 in time 的核心区别
on time
强调:
按照计划好的时间
例如:
The meeting started on time.
会议准时开始了。
假设会议计划:
9:00 开始
那么:
9:00 开始 → on time
in time
强调:
及时 / 还来得及
例如:
I arrived in time for the meeting.
我及时赶上了会议。
可能会议 9:00 开始,而你:
8:50 到 ✓ 8:55 到 ✓ 8:59 到 ✓
重点不是严格按照某个时间点,而是:
没有错过会议
4. in time 的反义词:too late
The opposite of in time is too late.
in time ↔ too late
例如:
I got home too late to watch the game on TV.
我回家太晚了,没赶上看电视上的比赛。
结构:
too late to do something
表示:
太晚了,以至于来不及做某事
5. just in time
just in time = almost too late
just in time = 刚好及时 / 差一点就来不及
例如:
We got to the station just in time for our train.
我们刚好及时赶到车站,赶上了火车。
A child ran into the road in front of the car, but I managed to stop just in time.
一个孩子突然跑到车前面的马路上,但我刚好及时刹住了车。
可以理解成:
too late ← just in time ← in time
just in time 强调:
再晚一点就来不及了。
6. on time / in time / just in time 对比
| 表达 | 核心意思 | 重点 |
|---|---|---|
| on time | 准时 | 按计划时间 |
| in time | 及时、来得及 | 没有太晚 |
| just in time | 刚刚赶上 | 差一点就晚了 |
| too late | 太晚 | 已经来不及 |
例如火车 8:00 发车:
I arrived at 7:50. I was in time.
我 7:50 到了,来得及。
The train left at exactly 8:00. It left on time.
火车正好 8:00 出发,准时发车。
I arrived at 7:59. I was just in time.
我 7:59 到,刚好赶上。
I arrived at 8:05. I was too late.
我 8:05 到,太晚了。
7. B. at the end and in the end
8. at the end
at the end (of something) = at the time when something ends
at the end of ... = 在……结束的时候 / 在……末尾
它强调的是:
某个时间、事件、过程或事物的末端
常见结构
at the end of + 名词
例如:
- at the end of the month
- at the end of January
- at the end of the game
- at the end of the film
- at the end of the course
- at the end of the concert
例句
I’m going away at the end of January / at the end of the month.
我打算一月底 / 月底离开。
At the end of the concert, everyone applauded.
音乐会结束时,所有人都鼓掌了。
The players shook hands at the end of the game.
球员们在比赛结束时握手。
9. 不说 in the end of ...
注意:
我们不说:
❌ in the end of January
应该说:
at the end of January
同样:
❌ in the end of the movie
应该说:
at the end of the movie
所以,只要后面有:
of + 某件事情
通常想到:
at the end of ...
10. at the beginning
The opposite of at the end is at the beginning.
at the end ↔ at the beginning
例如:
I’m going away at the beginning of January.
我准备在一月初离开。
不是:
❌ in the beginning of January
这里应该使用:
at the beginning of January
11. in the end
in the end = finally
in the end = 最后,最终,结果
它不是强调某个东西的“末尾”,而是强调:
经过一段过程之后,最终发生了什么
可以直接理解为:
finally
例句
We had a lot of problems with our car. We sold it in the end. (= finally we sold it)
我们的车出了很多问题。最后我们把它卖了。
He got more and more angry. In the end he just walked out of the room.
他越来越生气。最后,他直接走出了房间。
Alan couldn’t decide where to go for his holidays. He didn’t go anywhere in the end.
Alan 一直决定不了去哪里度假。结果他最后哪儿也没去。
注意这里不能说:
❌ He didn’t go anywhere at the end.
因为这里表达的是:
最终结果
而不是:
某件事情结束的那个时间点
12. in the end 的反义表达:at first
The opposite of in the end is at first.
at first ↔ in the end
例如:
At first we didn’t get on very well, but in the end we became good friends.
一开始我们相处得不太好,但最后我们成了好朋友。
13. at the end 和 in the end 的核心区别
at the end
强调:
某件事情结束的时间点 / 末尾
通常:
at the end of + 名词
例如:
at the end of the movie
电影结束的时候
at the end of the month
月底
at the end of the year
年底
in the end
强调:
最终结果
等于:
finally
例如:
In the end, we decided not to go.
最后,我们决定不去了。
14. 一个例子同时理解两者
假设你看了一部电影:
At the end of the movie, the main character went home.
电影结尾的时候,主角回家了。
这里说的是:
电影的末尾
所以使用:
at the end of the movie
如果你说:
We couldn’t decide which movie to watch. In the end, we watched Titanic.
我们一直决定不了看哪部电影。最后,我们看了《Titanic》。
这里说的是:
经过讨论后的最终结果
所以使用:
in the end
15. at the end / in the end 快速判断
看到“最后”,不要直接翻译成 end。
先问自己:
① 是“某件事情结束的时候”吗?
使用:
at the end of ...
例如:
在会议结束时 at the end of the meeting
在这个月底 at the end of this month
在比赛结束时 at the end of the game
② 是“经过一系列事情以后,最终……”吗?
使用:
in the end
例如:
最后我们决定回家。
In the end, we decided to go home.
16. 四个表达的最终思维模型
这一单元其实可以分成两组。
第一组:on time / in time
on time
按计划时间
关键词:
准时
例如:
The train arrived on time.
火车准时到达。
in time
before it is too late
关键词:
来得及 / 及时
例如:
We arrived in time to catch the train.
我们及时赶到,赶上了火车。
第二组:at the end / in the end
at the end
某件事情的末尾
关键词:
结束的时候
通常:
at the end of + 名词
例如:
at the end of the year
年底
in the end
finally
关键词:
最终 / 结果
例如:
In the end, we stayed at home.
最后,我们待在了家里。
17. 最核心公式
on time = punctual = 准时
in time = soon enough / before it is too late = 及时 / 来得及
just in time = almost too late = 刚刚赶上 / 差一点就来不及
at the end of + 名词 = 在……结束的时候 / 在……末尾
in the end = finally = 最后 / 最终
18. 一组句子记住整个 Unit 122
The train left on time.
火车准时出发。
I arrived in time to catch the train.
我及时赶到并赶上了火车。
I arrived just in time.
我刚好赶上。
At the end of the journey, I was very tired.
旅程结束时,我非常累。
In the end, I decided to take a taxi home.
最后,我决定坐出租车回家。