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Unit 106 — Comparative 2 (much better / any better etc.)


A. much / a lot etc. + comparative

在比较级前面,我们可以使用一些程度副词,表示“……得多”或“稍微……一点”。

Before comparatives you can use:

mucha lotfar (= a lot) a bita littleslightly (= a little)

基本结构:

程度副词 + comparative


1. much / a lot / far + 比较级

表示:

……得多 / ……多了

例如:

  • I felt ill earlier, but I feel much better now. or a lot better (我之前感觉不舒服,但现在感觉好多了。)

  • Don’t go by train. It’s a lot more expensive. or much more expensive (不要坐火车。坐火车贵得多。)

  • The problem is far more serious than we thought at first. (这个问题比我们一开始想象的严重得多。)

这里:

much better = 好得多

a lot better = 好得多

much more expensive = 贵得多

far more serious = 严重得多


2. a bit / a little / slightly + 比较级

表示:

稍微……一点

例如:

  • Could you speak a bit more slowly? or a little more slowly (你能说得稍微慢一点吗?)

  • This bag is slightly heavier than the other one. (这个包比另一个稍微重一点。)

常见表达:

a bit bigger 大一点

a little cheaper 便宜一点

slightly better 稍微好一点

a bit more expensive 稍微贵一点


3. 程度强弱

可以简单理解为:

much / a lot / far → 差距大

a bit / a little / slightly → 差距小

例如:

This car is much cheaper.

这辆车便宜得多。

This car is a little cheaper.

这辆车稍微便宜一点。


1. B. any / no + comparative

我们可以使用:

any + comparative

以及:

no + comparative

例如:

any longer

any bigger

any better

no bigger

no more expensive


2. not ... any + comparative

结构:

not + any + comparative

表示:

一点也没有更…… / 不再……

例如:

  • I’ve waited long enough. I’m not waiting any longer. (= not even a little longer)

    (我已经等得够久了。我不再等了。)

这里:

not ... any longer

常常表示:

不再……

例如:

I don’t live there any longer.

我已经不住在那里了。


any better

  • How do you feel now? Do you feel any better? (你现在感觉怎么样?有没有好一点?)

这里的:

any better

可以理解为:

好一点 / 有任何改善

所以日常对话中经常会听到:

Do you feel any better?

你有没有感觉好一点?


3. no + comparative

结构:

no + comparative

表示:

一点也没有更……

例如:

  • We expected their apartment to be very big, but it’s no bigger than ours. (我们原以为他们的公寓会很大,但其实一点也不比我们的公寓大。)

也可以说:

  • It isn’t any bigger than ours.

两种表达基本相同:

no bigger

not any bigger


更多例子

  • This hotel is better than the other one, and it’s no more expensive. (这家酒店比另一家更好,而且一点也不更贵。)

这里:

no more expensive

= 并没有更贵


4. C. better and better, more and more etc.

如果一个事物持续发生变化,可以重复使用比较级。

基本结构:

comparative + and + comparative

表示:

越来越……


5. -er 比较级:better and better

例如:

better and better

越来越好

bigger and bigger

越来越大

faster and faster

越来越快

older and older

越来越老


例句

  • Your English is improving. It’s getting better and better. (你的英语正在进步。它变得越来越好了。)

  • The city has grown fast in recent years. It’s got bigger and bigger. (这座城市近年来发展得很快,变得越来越大。)


6. more 型比较级:more and more ...

对于使用 more 构成比较级的词:

more and more + adjective/adverb

例如:

more and more expensive

越来越贵

more and more difficult

越来越困难

more and more important

越来越重要

more and more convinced

越来越确信


例句

  • As I listened to his story, I became more and more convinced that he was lying. (随着我继续听他的故事,我越来越确信他在撒谎。)

7. more and more + noun

more and more 还可以直接修饰名词:

more and more + plural noun

表示:

越来越多的……

例如:

  • More and more tourists are visiting this part of the country. (越来越多的游客来到这个地区。)

再比如:

more and more people

越来越多的人

more and more cars

越来越多的汽车

more and more students

越来越多的学生


8. D. the ... the ...

英语中有一个非常重要的比较级结构:

the + comparative ..., the + comparative ...

表示:

越……,越……


9. the sooner the better

You can say:

the sooner the better

表示:

越早越好

例如:

A: What time shall we leave? B: The sooner the better.

A:我们什么时候出发? B:越早越好。

也可以理解为:

as soon as possible

尽可能早。


10. the bigger the better

例如:

A: What sort of bag do you want? A big one? B: Yes, the bigger the better.

A:你想要什么样的包?大的吗? B:对,越大越好。

这里:

the bigger the better

= as big as possible

= 越大越好


常见固定表达

The sooner, the better. 越早越好。

The bigger, the better. 越大越好。

The more, the better. 越多越好。

The less, the better. 越少越好。


例句

  • When you’re travelling, the less luggage you have the better. (旅行的时候,行李越少越好。)

11. the ... the ... 表示两个变化相互关联

这个结构还可以表示:

一个事物发生变化,另一个事物也随之变化。

基本结构:

The + comparative + 主语 + 动词, the + comparative + 主语 + 动词.

也就是:

越……,就越……


例句 1

  • The sooner we leave, the earlier we’ll arrive. (= if we leave sooner, we’ll arrive earlier)

    (我们出发得越早,到达得就越早。)

结构:

The sooner we leave, the earlier we’ll arrive.


例句 2

  • The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.

    (你越年轻,学习起来就越容易。)

结构:

The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.


例句 3

  • The more expensive the hotel, the better the service.

    (酒店越贵,服务越好。)

这里省略了部分 be 动词结构,可以理解为:

The more expensive the hotel is, the better the service is.


例句 4

  • The more I thought about the plan, the less I liked it.

    (我越考虑这个计划,就越不喜欢它。)

这里出现:

the more ..., the less ...

表示:

越……,越不…… / 越……,越少……


12. the more / the less

这个结构非常常见:

the more ..., the more ...

越……,越……

例如:

The more you practise, the better you become.

你练得越多,就会变得越好。


也可以:

the more ..., the less ...

越……,越少……

例如:

The more I know about it, the less I like it.

我对它了解得越多,就越不喜欢它。


还可以:

the less ..., the better ...

越少……,越好……

例如:

The less luggage you have, the better.

你的行李越少越好。


13. E. older and elder

14. old → older

old 的正常比较级是:

old → older

例如:

  • David looks older than he really is. (David 看起来比他的实际年龄更老。)

注意:

✅ looks older

❌ looks elder


15. elder 用于家庭成员

elder 主要用于谈论:

家庭成员之间的年龄关系

例如:

my elder sister

我的姐姐

my elder brother

我的哥哥

their elder son

他们的大儿子


elder + family member

结构:

elder + family member

例如:

  • My elder sister is a TV producer. (我的姐姐是一名电视制片人。)

也可以说:

  • My older sister is a TV producer.

所以:

elder sister

和:

older sister

都可以。


16. elder 不能用于 than 比较结构

如果明确说:

A 比 B 年长

必须使用:

older than

例如:

  • My sister is older than me. (我姐姐比我大。)

不能说:

❌ My sister is elder than me.

所以:

elder + family noun

但是:

elder than


17. older 和 elder 对比

用法olderelder
一般表示“更老/年龄更大”
家庭成员
older/elder sister
older/elder brother
和 than 连用
be + older
look + older

例如:

My elder brother lives in Shanghai. 我的哥哥住在上海。

也可以:

My older brother lives in Shanghai.

但是:

My brother is older than me. ✅

不能说:

My brother is elder than me. ❌


18. 本单元核心结构汇总

结构含义示例
much + comparative……得多much better
a lot + comparative……得多a lot bigger
far + comparative……得多far more serious
a bit + comparative稍微……一点a bit better
a little + comparative稍微……一点a little cheaper
slightly + comparative稍微……一点slightly heavier
not any + comparative一点也没有更……not any better
no + comparative一点也没有更……no bigger
comparative + and + comparative越来越……better and better
more and more + adjective越来越……more and more expensive
more and more + noun越来越多的……more and more people
the + comparative, the + comparative越……越……the sooner, the better
elder + family noun年长的家庭成员elder sister
older than比……年长older than me

19. 最终思维模型

Unit 106 可以整理成四个核心概念。

第一类:比较的差距有多大?

差距大

much / a lot / far + comparative

例如:

much better

a lot cheaper

far more expensive

含义:

……得多


差距小

a bit / a little / slightly + comparative

例如:

a bit better

a little cheaper

slightly bigger

含义:

稍微……一点


第二类:有没有变得更……

使用:

any / no + comparative

例如:

Do you feel any better?

你感觉好一点了吗?

It’s no bigger than ours.

它一点也不比我们的大。

核心关系:

no bigger

not any bigger


第三类:持续变化

如果想表达:

越来越……

使用:

comparative + and + comparative

例如:

better and better

越来越好

bigger and bigger

越来越大

长形容词使用:

more and more + adjective

例如:

more and more expensive

越来越贵


第四类:两个变化相互关联

如果想表达:

越……,越……

使用:

the + comparative ..., the + comparative ...

例如:

The sooner we leave, the earlier we’ll arrive.

我们出发得越早,就会到得越早。

最常用的固定表达:

The sooner, the better.

越早越好。

The more, the better.

越多越好。

The less, the better.

越少越好。


最后再记住:

old → older

正常比较级。

elder + family member

主要表示家庭中的哥哥、姐姐等年长成员。

所以:

my elder sister

my older sister

My sister is older than me.

My sister is elder than me.

整个 Unit 106 最核心可以浓缩成:

much / a lot / far + 比较级 → ……得多

a bit / a little / slightly + 比较级 → 稍微……一点

any / no + 比较级 → 有没有更…… / 一点也没有更……

better and better → 越来越好

more and more expensive → 越来越贵

the + 比较级, the + 比较级 → 越……越……

older than → 比……年长

elder + 家庭成员 → 年长的家庭成员