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一、什么是 Infinitive of Purpose(目的不定式)
核心作用:表示“做某件事的目的”
也就是回答问题:
Why?(为什么做这件事)
英语里最常见的表达方式是:
to + 动词原形
例如:
I study English to improve my grammar.
我学习英语 为了提高语法。
这里:
- study English = 动作
- to improve my grammar = 目的
👉 结构:
Action + to + verb(目的)
二、基本结构
1️⃣ 最基础结构
主语 + 动词 + to + 动词原形
例句:
She runs to keep fit.
她跑步为了保持健康。
We eat at home to save money.
我们在家吃饭为了省钱。
I use my phone to learn English.
我用手机学习英语。
2️⃣ 简短回答(常见口语)
如果问题是 Why?
可以只回答 to + verb
例:
Why do you study English?
为什么学习英语?
→ To get a better job.
为了找更好的工作。
Why do you exercise?
为什么锻炼?
→ To stay healthy.
三、进阶表达方式
除了 to + verb,还有更正式表达。
1️⃣ in order to
语气稍微正式。
结构:
in order to + 动词原形
例句:
She woke up early in order to catch the train.
她早起为了赶火车。
We left early in order to avoid traffic.
我们早点出发为了避开堵车。
2️⃣ in order not to(为了不)
表达 避免某事发生
结构:
in order not to + verb
例句:
He whispered in order not to wake the baby.
他小声说话以免吵醒宝宝。
3️⃣ so as to(较正式)
结构:
so as to + verb
例句:
She saved money so as to buy a car.
她存钱为了买车。
(口语中比较少见)
四、常见真实场景例句
生活场景
I go to the gym to stay healthy.
我去健身房为了保持健康。
I drink coffee to wake up.
我喝咖啡为了清醒。
学习场景
I read books to improve my English.
我读书为了提高英语。
She studies hard to pass the exam.
她努力学习为了通过考试。
工作场景
He works overtime to earn more money.
他加班为了多赚钱。
I called you to ask a question.
我打电话给你是想问个问题。
五、和 for 的区别(非常重要)
很多人会混淆 to 和 for
1️⃣ to + 动词
表示 做某件事的目的
例:
I use this app to learn English.
2️⃣ for + 名词 / ing
表示 用途
例:
This knife is for cutting bread.
这个刀是用来切面包的。
对比:
| 句子 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| I use this phone to study. | 我用手机学习 |
| This phone is for studying. | 这个手机是学习用的 |
六、常见错误
❌ 错误
I went to supermarket for buy milk
✅ 正确
I went to the supermarket to buy milk.
或者
I went to the supermarket for milk.
七、学习记忆口诀
记住一句话:
Action + to + Verb = Purpose
例:
- go → to buy food
- study → to pass exam
- run → to keep fit
就是:
做什么 → 为了什么
八、10个高频口语句型(非常实用)
1️⃣ I came here to learn English.
2️⃣ I called you to ask something.
3️⃣ She works hard to support her family.
4️⃣ He runs every day to stay healthy.
5️⃣ I opened the window to get some air.
6️⃣ She saved money to travel abroad.
7️⃣ I use Anki to remember vocabulary.
8️⃣ He studies programming to become a developer.
9️⃣ We left early to avoid traffic.
10️⃣ I bought a dictionary to learn new words.
💡 特别建议(给你这个程序员学习者)
可以把这个语法当作一个 思维模板:
每天练习说:
I do X to Y例如:
- I read English articles to improve my reading
- I watch YouTube to practice listening
- I speak English to become fluent
这会极大提升你的英语表达能力。
《100个最常用 Infinitive of Purpose(目的不定式)句型》
《英语目的表达终极地图(Purpose Map)》